Timitengo ta Chopsticksndi ndodo ziwiri zofanana zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito podyera. Zinayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito ku China kenako zinabweretsedwa kumadera ena padziko lapansi. Ndodo zophikidwa zimaonedwa kuti ndi zofunika kwambiri mu chikhalidwe cha ku China ndipo zili ndi mbiri ya "Chitukuko cha Kum'mawa."
Nazi zinthu zisanu ndi ziwiri zomwe muyenera kudziwa zokhudza ndodo za ku China.
1. Kodi timitengo topangira chopstick tinapangidwa liti?
Asanapangetimitengo todulaAnthu aku China ankagwiritsa ntchito manja awo kudya. Anthu aku China anayamba kugwiritsa ntchitotimitengo todulaZaka pafupifupi 3,000 zapitazo mu ufumu wa Shang (zaka za m'ma 16 mpaka 11 BC). Malinga ndi "Records of the Grand Historian," mfumu ya Zhou, mfumu yomaliza ya ufumu wa Shang, idagwiritsa ntchito kale ndodo za minyanga ya njovu. Pachifukwa ichi, China ili ndi mbiri ya zaka zosachepera 3,000. Mu nthawi ya Pre-Qin (isanafike 221 BC), ndodo za minyanga zinkatchedwa "Jia", ndipo mu nthawi ya mafumu a Qin (221-206 BC) ndi Han (206 BC-AD 220) ankatchedwa "Zhu". Chifukwa "Zhu" imamveka mofanana ndi "kuima" mu Chitchaina, lomwe ndi liwu loipa, anthu anayamba kulitcha "Kuai", kutanthauza "kuthamanga" mu Chitchaina. Ichi ndi chiyambi cha dzina la masiku ano la ndodo za minyanga za minyanga.
2. Ndani anayambitsatimitengo todula?
Zolemba zogwiritsa ntchito ndodo zapezeka m'mabuku ambiri olembedwa koma palibe umboni weniweni. Komabe, pali nkhani zambiri zokhudza kupangidwa kwa ndodo. Limodzi limati Jiang Ziya, katswiri wakale wankhondo waku China adapanga ndodo atauziridwa ndi mbalame yongopeka. Nkhani ina imati Daji, mkazi wokondedwa wa mfumu ya Zhou, adapanga ndodo kuti akondweretse mfumu. Pali nthano ina yoti Yu Wamkulu, wolamulira wodziwika bwino ku China wakale, adagwiritsa ntchito ndodo kutola chakudya chotentha kuti asunge nthawi yolamulira kusefukira kwa madzi. Koma palibe mbiri yeniyeni yokhudza amene adapangatimitengo todula; tikudziwa kuti munthu wina wanzeru wakale waku China ndiye anapanga timitengo.
3. Kodi ndi chiyanitimitengo todulazopangidwa ndi?
Zidutswa za chopstick zimapangidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana monga nsungwi, matabwa, pulasitiki, porcelain, siliva, bronze, minyanga ya njovu, yade, fupa ndi miyala.Ndodo za nsungwiamagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa anthu aku China.
4. Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchitotimitengo todula?
Kugwiritsa ntchito timitengo tiwiri topyapyala potola chakudya sikovuta. Mutha kuchita izi bola ngati mutatenga nthawi yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Alendo ambiri ku China aphunzira kugwiritsa ntchito timitengo ngati anthu am'deralo. Chinsinsi chogwiritsa ntchito timitengo ndikusunga timitengo timodzi pamalo pomwe tikusintha timitengo tina kuti titole chakudya. Mukamaliza kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pang'ono, mudzadziwa momwe mungadyere nditimitengo todulamwachangu kwambiri.
5. Makhalidwe abwino a timitengo ta chopsticks
Timitengo ta ChopsticksNthawi zambiri amagwiridwa ndi dzanja lamanja koma zimatengera chitonthozo chanu ngati mugwiritsa ntchito dzanja lamanzere. Kusewera ndi timitengo kumaonedwa kuti ndi khalidwe loipa. Ndi ulemu komanso kuganizira bwino kutenga chakudya cha okalamba ndi ana. Mukamadya ndi akulu, anthu aku China nthawi zambiri amalola akulu kutenga timitengo timeneti asanatenge wina aliyense. Nthawi zambiri, wolandira alendo wosamala amasamutsa chakudya kuchokera pa mbale yoperekera chakudya kupita ku mbale ya mlendo. Ndi kusalemekeza kugogoda timitengo m'mphepete mwa mbale yanu, chifukwa ku China wakale opemphapempha nthawi zambiri ankagwiritsa ntchito izi kuti akope chidwi cha anthu.
6. Filosofi ya ndodo zophikidwa
Katswiri wafilosofi wa ku China Confucius (551-479BC) analangiza anthu kugwiritsa ntchitotimitengo todulam'malo mwa mipeni, chifukwa mipeni yachitsulo imakumbutsa anthu za zida zozizira, zomwe zikutanthauza kupha ndi chiwawa. Iye anatilangiza kuti mipeni iletsedwe patebulo lodyera ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ndodo zamatabwa.
7. Kodi timitengo ta chakudya tinabweretsedwa liti kumayiko ena?
Timitengo ta Chopstickszinabweretsedwa kumayiko ena ambiri oyandikana nawo chifukwa cha kupepuka kwawo komanso kusavuta kwawo.Timitengo ta ChopsticksZidutswa za ndodo zinabweretsedwa ku Korea kuchokera ku China mu Ufumu wa Han ndipo zinafalikira ku chilumba chonse cha m'ma 600 AD. Ndodo za ndodo zinabweretsedwa ku Japan ndi mmonke wachibuda dzina lake Konghai wochokera ku Ufumu wa Tang ku China (618-907). Konghai nthawi ina adati panthawi ya ntchito yake ya umishonale "Amene akugwiritsa ntchito ndodo za ndodo adzapulumutsidwa", ndipo chifukwa chaketimitengo todulaInafalikira ku Japan posakhalitsa. Pambuyo pa mafumu a Ming (1368-1644) ndi Qing (1644-1911), timitengo ta chakudya tinabweretsedwa pang'onopang'ono ku Malaysia, Singapore, ndi mayiko ena akumwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia.
Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala-01-2024