Mitundu ya zakudya imathandiza kwambiri kuti zakudya zosiyanasiyana zizioneka bwino. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga zakudya zokopa kwambiri kwa ogula. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yazakudya kumatsatiridwa ndi malamulo okhwima ndi miyezo m'maiko osiyanasiyana. Dziko lililonse lili ndi malamulo akeake ndi malamulo ake okhudza kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka mitundu ya zakudya, ndipo opanga zakudya ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti mitundu imene amagwiritsira ntchito ikugwirizana ndi mfundo za dziko lililonse limene amagulitsa zinthuzo.
Ku United States, Food and Drug Administration (FDA) imayang'anira kugwiritsa ntchito utoto wazakudya. A FDA avomereza mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazakudya zopangira zomwe zimawonedwa kuti ndizotetezeka kuti zimwe. Izi zikuphatikizapo FD & C Red No. 40, FD & C Yellow No. 5, ndi FD & C Blue No. 1. Ma pigment awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazakudya zambiri, kuphatikizapo zakumwa, confectionery ndi zakudya zowonongeka. Komabe, a FDA amaikanso malire pamlingo wovomerezeka wamitundu iyi muzakudya zosiyanasiyana kuti atsimikizire chitetezo cha ogula.
Ku EU, mitundu yazakudya imayendetsedwa ndi European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). European Food Safety Authority imayang'ana chitetezo chazowonjezera zakudya, kuphatikiza zopaka utoto, ndikuyika milingo yovomerezeka yogwiritsidwa ntchito pazakudya. EU imavomereza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zakudya kuposa ku US, ndipo mitundu ina yololedwa ku US mwina siyiloledwa mu EU. Mwachitsanzo, EU yaletsa kugwiritsa ntchito utoto wina wa azo, monga Sunset Yellow (E110) ndi Ponceau 4R (E124), chifukwa cha nkhawa zomwe zingakhalepo pa thanzi.
Ku Japan, Unduna wa Zaumoyo, Ntchito ndi Ufulu (MHLW) umayang'anira kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka utoto wazakudya. Unduna wa Zaumoyo, Ntchito ndi Zaumoyo wakhazikitsa mndandanda wamitundu yololedwa yazakudya ndi kuchuluka kwake kololedwa muzakudya. Japan ili ndi mitundu yakeyake yamitundu yovomerezeka, ina yomwe ingasiyane ndi yovomerezeka ku US ndi EU. Mwachitsanzo, dziko la Japan lavomereza kugwiritsa ntchito gardenia blue pigment yotengedwa ku zipatso za gardenia zomwe sizigwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m’mayiko ena.
Pankhani ya mitundu yazakudya zachilengedwe, pali chizoloŵezi chomwe chikukula chogwiritsa ntchito mitundu ya zomera yochokera ku zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi zina zachilengedwe. Mitundu yachirengedwe imeneyi nthawi zambiri imatengedwa kuti ndi yathanzi komanso yosamalira zachilengedwe m'malo opangira mitundu. Komabe, ngakhale utoto wachilengedwe umatsatiridwa ndi malamulo ndi miyezo m'maiko osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, EU imalola kugwiritsa ntchito masamba a beetroot ngati utoto wa chakudya, koma kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kumatsatira malamulo okhudza kuyera kwake komanso kapangidwe kake.
Mwachidule, kugwiritsa ntchito inki mu chakudya kumatsatira malamulo okhwima ndi miyezo m'maiko osiyanasiyana. Opanga zakudya ayenera kuwonetsetsa kuti mitundu yomwe amagwiritsa ntchito ikukwaniritsa miyezo ya dziko lililonse komwe amagulitsa. Izi zimafuna kuganiziridwa mozama za mndandanda wa ma pigment ovomerezeka, milingo yawo yovomerezeka ndi malamulo aliwonse okhudzana ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwawo. Kaya ndi zopangidwa kapena zachilengedwe, mitundu yazakudya imakhala ndi gawo lofunikira pakuwoneka bwino kwa chakudya, motero ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti ali otetezeka komanso akutsatira malamulo kuti ateteze thanzi la ogula.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-28-2024