Utoto wa chakudya umagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuwonjezera kukongola kwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana za chakudya. Umagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti zinthu za chakudya zikhale zokopa ogula. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito utoto wa chakudya kumatsatira malamulo ndi miyezo yokhwima m'maiko osiyanasiyana. Dziko lililonse lili ndi malamulo ndi miyezo yake yokhudza kugwiritsa ntchito utoto wa chakudya, ndipo opanga chakudya ayenera kuwonetsetsa kuti utoto womwe amagwiritsa ntchito ukukwaniritsa miyezo ya dziko lililonse komwe zinthu zawo zimagulitsidwa.
Ku United States, bungwe la Food and Drug Administration (FDA) limayang'anira kugwiritsa ntchito utoto wa chakudya. FDA yavomereza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya utoto wa chakudya wopangidwa womwe umaonedwa kuti ndi wotetezeka kudya. Izi zikuphatikizapo FD&C Red No. 40, FD&C Yellow No. 5, ndi FD&C Blue No. 1. Utoto uwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito muzakudya zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo zakumwa, makeke ndi zakudya zokonzedwa. Komabe, FDA imayikanso malire pa kuchuluka kwa utoto uwu komwe kungaloledwe muzakudya zosiyanasiyana kuti zitsimikizire kuti ogula ali otetezeka.
Mu EU, utoto wa chakudya umayendetsedwa ndi European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). European Food Safety Authority imayesa chitetezo cha zowonjezera zakudya, kuphatikizapo utoto, ndikukhazikitsa milingo yovomerezeka yogwiritsira ntchito mu chakudya. EU imavomereza mtundu wosiyana wa utoto wa chakudya ndi US, ndipo utoto wina wololedwa ku US sungaloledwe ku EU. Mwachitsanzo, EU yaletsa kugwiritsa ntchito utoto wina wa azo, monga Sunset Yellow (E110) ndi Ponceau 4R (E124), chifukwa cha nkhawa zaumoyo.
Ku Japan, Unduna wa Zaumoyo, Ntchito ndi Ubwino (MHLW) umalamulira kugwiritsa ntchito utoto wa chakudya. Unduna wa Zaumoyo, Ntchito ndi Ubwino wakhazikitsa mndandanda wa utoto wololedwa wa chakudya ndi kuchuluka kwake kovomerezeka muzakudya. Japan ili ndi mitundu yakeyake yovomerezeka, yomwe ina ingasiyane ndi yomwe yavomerezedwa ku US ndi EU. Mwachitsanzo, Japan yavomereza kugwiritsa ntchito gardenia blue, utoto wachilengedwe wabuluu wotengedwa ku chipatso cha gardenia chomwe sichigwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri m'maiko ena.
Ponena za utoto wachilengedwe wa chakudya, pali chizolowezi chogwiritsa ntchito utoto wa zomera wochokera ku zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi zinthu zina zachilengedwe. Mitundu yachilengedwe imeneyi nthawi zambiri imaonedwa kuti ndi yathanzi komanso yosamalira chilengedwe m'malo mwa mitundu yopangidwa. Komabe, ngakhale utoto wachilengedwe umadalira malamulo ndi miyezo m'maiko osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, EU imalola kugwiritsa ntchito beetroot extract ngati utoto wa chakudya, koma kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kumadalira malamulo enaake okhudza kuyera kwake ndi kapangidwe kake.
Mwachidule, kugwiritsa ntchito utoto mu chakudya kumatsatira malamulo ndi miyezo yokhwima m'maiko osiyanasiyana. Opanga chakudya ayenera kuwonetsetsa kuti mitundu yomwe amagwiritsa ntchito ikukwaniritsa miyezo ya dziko lililonse komwe zinthu zawo zimagulitsidwa. Izi zimafuna kuganizira mosamala mndandanda wa utoto wovomerezeka, kuchuluka kwake kovomerezeka komanso malamulo enaake okhudzana ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwawo. Kaya ndi zopangidwa kapena zachilengedwe, utoto wa chakudya umagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakukopa mawonekedwe a chakudya, kotero ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti ndi otetezeka komanso kutsatira malamulo kuti ateteze thanzi la ogula.
Nthawi yotumizira: Ogasiti-28-2024